Neuroendoscopy involves a minimally invasive surgical procedure where the neurosurgeon operates through small openings, typically a few millimeters in diameter, either in the skull or through the mouth or nose. This technique empowers neurosurgeons to:
Neuroendoscopy employs small, flexible, illuminated tubes known as endoscopes to visualize different regions of the brain, skull base, or spinal cord through tiny openings. Serving as miniature microscopes, endoscopes magnify crucial anatomical structures, facilitating the surgeon's clear view of areas requiring repair, removal, or replacement. The procedure is conducted while observing a monitor displaying real-time video magnification from the endoscope. The remainder of the surgery follows techniques similar to open surgery but necessitates special instruments, resulting in less retraction and a reduced risk of injury to the brain.
Endoscopic neurosurgery earns its classification as minimally invasive due to the significantly reduced intrusion into anatomical structures compared to conventional surgery. In general, procedures like endoscopic neurosurgery do not necessitate large incisions on the scalp or skull, nor do they involve extensive dissection through brain tissue. This approach results in expedited and simplified procedures, leading to substantially decreased post-operative complications, quicker recovery times, and minimized pain and scarring. Importantly, the actual removal or repair of the issue is executed as effectively, safely, and comprehensively as in conventional "open" surgery.
In intracranial surgery, endoscopes are introduced into the brain through minute openings in the skull. Subsequently, tiny instruments may be inserted through the same opening to conduct procedures such as endoscopic tumor biopsy, colloid cyst resection, endoscopic cyst fenestration, and the treatment of hydrocephalus. The duration of these operations can vary, ranging from approximately 15 minutes to an hour. Typically, patients are discharged from the hospital the day after the procedure.
Endonasal (through the nose) neurosurgery is commonly utilized for treating various conditions, including pituitary tumors, meningiomas, and chordomas. The flexibility of the endoscope allows the surgeon to navigate different areas, facilitating the treatment of brain tumors in various locations. Additionally, the surgeon can direct the endoscope downward to gain a clear view of the palate and the back of the throat, enabling operations on the top of the spine and the base of the skull. Post-surgery, patients are typically discharged within two to four days, with the duration influenced by factors such as the tumor size and overall functioning.
While each patient’s medical history, age, condition and other factors play a role in the outcome of endoscopic brain surgery, here are some of common benefits associated with the procedure:
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